Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

С английского на:
Словенский
Со словенского на:
Английский

upper arm

Толкование Перевод

1 òrmo

òrmo; òrmę Grammatical information: n. o; n. n Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `shoulder'
Page in Trubačev: XXXII 185-187

Old Church Slavic:

ramo `shoulder' [n o]

Russian:

ramená (arch., poet.) `shoulders' [Nompn n]

Czech:

rámě (lit, arch.) `shoulder' [n n];

rameno `shoulder' [n o]

Slovak:

ramä `shoulder' [n n]

Polish:

ramię `shoulder' [n n]

Upper Sorbian:

ramjo `shoulder' [n n]

Lower Sorbian:

ramje `shoulder' [n n]

Serbo-Croatian:

rȁme `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], ramèna [Nom p];

Čak. rȁme (Vrgada) `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], ramenå̃ [Nom p];

Čak. rȁme (Novi) `shoulder' [n n], ramená [Nom p], rȁmena [Nom p];

Čak. rȁmen (Orbanići) `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], rȁmena [Nom p], ramⁱẽna [Nom p]

Slovene:

ráme `shoulder, arm' [n n], rámena [Gens];

ráma `shoulder' [f ā];

rámo `shoulder' [n o]

Bulgarian:

rámo `shoulder' [n n], ramená [Nom p], ramené [Nom p]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: írʔmo; írʔmen-; órʔmen-

Lithuanian:

ìrmėdė `gout' [f ē]1

Old Prussian:

irmo `arm'

Indo-European reconstruction: h₂orH-mo-; h₂orH-men-

Other cognates:

Skt. īrmá- `arm'
;

Lat. armus `arm, shoulder'
;

Go. arms `arm'

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > òrmo
2 òrmę

òrmo; òrmę Grammatical information: n. o; n. n Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `shoulder'
Page in Trubačev: XXXII 185-187

Old Church Slavic:

ramo `shoulder' [n o]

Russian:

ramená (arch., poet.) `shoulders' [Nompn n]

Czech:

rámě (lit, arch.) `shoulder' [n n];

rameno `shoulder' [n o]

Slovak:

ramä `shoulder' [n n]

Polish:

ramię `shoulder' [n n]

Upper Sorbian:

ramjo `shoulder' [n n]

Lower Sorbian:

ramje `shoulder' [n n]

Serbo-Croatian:

rȁme `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], ramèna [Nom p];

Čak. rȁme (Vrgada) `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], ramenå̃ [Nom p];

Čak. rȁme (Novi) `shoulder' [n n], ramená [Nom p], rȁmena [Nom p];

Čak. rȁmen (Orbanići) `shoulder' [n n], rȁmena [Gens], rȁmena [Nom p], ramⁱẽna [Nom p]

Slovene:

ráme `shoulder, arm' [n n], rámena [Gens];

ráma `shoulder' [f ā];

rámo `shoulder' [n o]

Bulgarian:

rámo `shoulder' [n n], ramená [Nom p], ramené [Nom p]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: írʔmo; írʔmen-; órʔmen-

Lithuanian:

ìrmėdė `gout' [f ē]1

Old Prussian:

irmo `arm'

Indo-European reconstruction: h₂orH-mo-; h₂orH-men-

Other cognates:

Skt. īrmá- `arm'
;

Lat. armus `arm, shoulder'
;

Go. arms `arm'

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > òrmę
3 ȅzero

ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34

Old Church Slavic:

jezero `lake' [n o];

jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]

Russian:

ózero `lake' [n o]

Czech:

jezero `lake' [n o]

Slovak:

jazero `lake' [n o];

jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]

Polish:

jezioro `lake' [n o]

Upper Sorbian:

jězer `lake' [n o]

Serbo-Croatian:

jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];

Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];

Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];

jȅzēr `lake' [m o]

Slovene:

ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];

ję̑zer `lake' [m o];

jezer `lake' [f i]

Bulgarian:

ézero `lake' [n o]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero

Lithuanian:

ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3^b

Latvian:

ęzęrs `lake' [m o];

ęzars `lake' [m o]

Old Prussian:

assaran `lake' [n]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-

IE meaning: lake

Certainty: -

Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.

Other cognates:

Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzero
4 ȅzerъ

ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34

Old Church Slavic:

jezero `lake' [n o];

jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]

Russian:

ózero `lake' [n o]

Czech:

jezero `lake' [n o]

Slovak:

jazero `lake' [n o];

jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]

Polish:

jezioro `lake' [n o]

Upper Sorbian:

jězer `lake' [n o]

Serbo-Croatian:

jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];

Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];

Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];

jȅzēr `lake' [m o]

Slovene:

ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];

ję̑zer `lake' [m o];

jezer `lake' [f i]

Bulgarian:

ézero `lake' [n o]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero

Lithuanian:

ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3^b

Latvian:

ęzęrs `lake' [m o];

ęzars `lake' [m o]

Old Prussian:

assaran `lake' [n]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-

IE meaning: lake

Certainty: -

Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.

Other cognates:

Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzerъ
5 ȁsenь

ȁsenь; ȁsenъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `ash-tree'
Page in Trubačev: I 79-80

Russian:

jásen' `ash-tree' [m jo]

Czech:

jasan `ash-tree' [m o];

jasaň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jesen (obs.) `ash-tree' [m o];

jeseň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo]

Slovak:

jaseň `ash-tree' [m jo]

Polish:

jesion `ash-tree' [m o];

jasień (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jesień (arch.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jasion (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m o] \{1\}

Old Polish:

jasień `ash-tree' [m jo]

Slovincian:

jȧ̃sȯu̯n `ash-tree' [m o]

Upper Sorbian:

jaseń `ash-tree' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

jȁsēn `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];

Čak. jȁsen (Vrgada) `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];

Čak. jȅsēn (Novi) `ash-tree' [m o];

Čak. jȅsen (Orbanići) `(European) ash (tree)' [m o], jȅsena [Gens]

Slovene:

jásen `ash-tree' [m o], jasẹ́na [Gens];

jésen `ash-tree' [m o], jesẹ́na [Gens]

Bulgarian:

jásen `ash-tree' [m o];

ósen (N.) `ash-tree' [m o]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: oʔs-en-; oʔs-i-o-

Lithuanian:

úosis `ash-tree' [m io] 1

Latvian:

uôsis `ash-tree' [m io]

Old Prussian:

woasis (EV) `ash-tree'

Indo-European reconstruction: Heh₃-s-

IE meaning: ash-tree

Comments: In view of the Baltic forms as well as Ru. ja- ( je- > ja- is common in West Slavic and western South Slavic but not in East Slavic), we must reconstruct *oʔs- < *Heh₃-s- for Balto-Slavic. Unless the West and South Slavic forms with je-/o- continue ja- (cf. Sɫawski SP I: 159), Slavic also offers evidence for the elsewhere in Indo-European widely attested stem shape *Hh₃es. The e-vocalism could be considered an example of Rozwadowski's change (see Andersen 1996).

Other cognates:

Lat. ornus `mountain-ash' [f];

OIr. uinnius `ash-tree'
;

OIc. askr `ash-tree'
;

OHG asc `ash-tree'
;

Arm. hac'i `ash-tree';

Alb. ah `beech'

Notes:

\{1\} The Standard Polish form jesion originates from the Mazowian dialect area (Bańkowski 2000: 588).

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȁsenь
6 ȁsenъ

ȁsenь; ȁsenъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `ash-tree'
Page in Trubačev: I 79-80

Russian:

jásen' `ash-tree' [m jo]

Czech:

jasan `ash-tree' [m o];

jasaň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jesen (obs.) `ash-tree' [m o];

jeseň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo]

Slovak:

jaseň `ash-tree' [m jo]

Polish:

jesion `ash-tree' [m o];

jasień (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jesień (arch.) `ash-tree' [m jo];

jasion (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m o] \{1\}

Old Polish:

jasień `ash-tree' [m jo]

Slovincian:

jȧ̃sȯu̯n `ash-tree' [m o]

Upper Sorbian:

jaseń `ash-tree' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

jȁsēn `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];

Čak. jȁsen (Vrgada) `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];

Čak. jȅsēn (Novi) `ash-tree' [m o];

Čak. jȅsen (Orbanići) `(European) ash (tree)' [m o], jȅsena [Gens]

Slovene:

jásen `ash-tree' [m o], jasẹ́na [Gens];

jésen `ash-tree' [m o], jesẹ́na [Gens]

Bulgarian:

jásen `ash-tree' [m o];

ósen (N.) `ash-tree' [m o]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: oʔs-en-; oʔs-i-o-

Lithuanian:

úosis `ash-tree' [m io] 1

Latvian:

uôsis `ash-tree' [m io]

Old Prussian:

woasis (EV) `ash-tree'

Indo-European reconstruction: Heh₃-s-

IE meaning: ash-tree

Comments: In view of the Baltic forms as well as Ru. ja- ( je- > ja- is common in West Slavic and western South Slavic but not in East Slavic), we must reconstruct *oʔs- < *Heh₃-s- for Balto-Slavic. Unless the West and South Slavic forms with je-/o- continue ja- (cf. Sɫawski SP I: 159), Slavic also offers evidence for the elsewhere in Indo-European widely attested stem shape *Hh₃es. The e-vocalism could be considered an example of Rozwadowski's change (see Andersen 1996).

Other cognates:

Lat. ornus `mountain-ash' [f];

OIr. uinnius `ash-tree'
;

OIc. askr `ash-tree'
;

OHG asc `ash-tree'
;

Arm. hac'i `ash-tree';

Alb. ah `beech'

Notes:

\{1\} The Standard Polish form jesion originates from the Mazowian dialect area (Bańkowski 2000: 588).

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȁsenъ
7 bȇrgъ

bȇrgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: с Proto-Slavic meaning: `bank'
Page in Trubačev: I 191-193

Old Church Slavic:

brěgъ `bank, shore, steep slope' [m o]

Russian:

béreg `bank, shore' [m o]

Czech:

břeh `bank, shore, boundary, edge' [m o];

břech (dial.) `hill' [m o], břeha [Gens]

Old Czech:

břěh `hill, hillside, bank, shore, pier' [m o]

Slovak:

breh `bank, shore, hill, hillside' [m o]

Polish:

brzeg `bank, shore, edge' [m o]

Upper Sorbian:

brjóh `bank, shore, hill' [m o], brjoha [Gens]

Lower Sorbian:

brjog `bank, shore, hill, heap' [m o]

Serbo-Croatian:

brȉjeg `bank, shore, boundary, edge, hill' [m o];

Čak. brȋg (Vrgada) `bank, shore, boundary, edge, hill' [m o], brȋga [Gens];

Čak. brⁱȇg (Orbanići) `hill' [m o], brⁱȇge [Locs]

Slovene:

brẹ̑g `bank, shore, hillside, hill' [m o]

Bulgarian:

brjag `bank, shore' [m o]

Indo-European reconstruction: bʰerǵʰ-o-

IE meaning: hill

Page in Pokorny: 140

Comments: In view of the Indo-Iranian and Armenian forms, the *g of the Slavic etymon is problematic. Attempts to establish *bergъ as a borrowing from Germanic or Venetic-Illyrian (Pokorny) seem unconvincing.

Other cognates:

Go. bairgahei `mountainous region' [f];

OIc. bjarg `mountain'
;

OHG berg `mountain'
;

Skt. br̯hánt- (RV+) `great, large, high';

LAv. bǝrǝz- `great, high' [adj];

Arm. barjr `high' [adj]

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bȇrgъ
8 blъxà

blъxà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `flea'
Page in Trubačev: II 129-130

Church Slavic:

blъxa (RuCS) `flea' [f ā]

Russian:

bloxá `flea' [f ā], bloxú [Accs];

bloxá (dial.) `flea' [f ā], blóxu [Accs]

Ukrainian:

bloxá `flea' [f ā]

Czech:

blecha `flea' [f ā]

Slovak:

blcha `flea' [f ā]

Polish:

pchɫa `flea' [f ā] \{1\}

Slovincian:

pẋlȧ̃ `flea' [f ā]

Upper Sorbian:

tcha `flea' [f ā];

bka (Pfuhl) `flea' [f ā];

pcha (Pfuhl) `flea' [f ā];

tk(h)a (Pfuhl) `flea' [f ā]

Lower Sorbian:

pcha `flea' [f ā];

bcha (dial.) `flea' [f ā]

Polabian:

blåxă `flea' [f ā]

Serbo-Croatian:

bùha `flea' [f ā], bùhu [Accs], bȕhe [Nom p];

Čak. buhȁ (Vrgada) `flea' [f ā], buhȅ [Nom p];

Čak. bȕha (Orbanići) `flea' [f ā]

Slovene:

bóɫha `flea' [f ā]

Bulgarian:

bălxá `flea' [f ā]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: blúṣ-aH

Lithuanian:

blusà `flea' [f ā] 2

Latvian:

blusa `flea' [f ā]

Indo-European reconstruction: bʰlus-eh₂

IE meaning: flea

Page in Pokorny: 102

Other cognates:

Gk. ψύλλα `flea' [f];

Skt. plúṣi- `flea'
;

Lat. pūlex `flea'
;

OHG flōh `flea'
;

Arm. low `flea'

Notes:

\{1\} In Polish dialects, we find a large variety of forms, e.g. pcha, pɫa, pɫecha, bɫecha, bɫcha.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blъxà
9 ežь

ežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `hedgehog'
Page in Trubačev: VI 36

Russian:

ëž `hedgehog' [m jo], ežá [Gens];

ož (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]

Old Russian:

ežь `hedgehog' [m jo];

ožь `hedgehog' [m jo]

Ukrainian:

již (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo];

ož (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]

Czech:

jež (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]

Slovak:

jež `hedgehog' [m jo]

Polish:

jeż `hedgehog' [m jo]

Upper Sorbian:

jěž `hedgehog' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

jȇž `hedgehog' [m jo], jéža [Gens];

jȇž `hedgehog' [m jo] jȇža [Gens];

Čak. jȇž (Vrgada) `sea-urchin, kind of plant' [m jo], jȇža [Gens];

Čak. ⁱȇš (Orbanići) `hedgehog, sea-urchin', ⁱȇža [Gens]

Slovene:

ję́ž `hedgehog, jimsonweed ( datura stramonium), prickly husk' [m jo]

Bulgarian:

ež `hedgehog' [m jo]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: eźios

Lithuanian:

ežỹs `hedgehog' [m io] 4 \{1\}

Latvian:

ezis `hedgehog' [m io]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-io-

IE meaning: hedgehog

Page in Pokorny: 292

Comments: In Greek, where ἐχῖνος `hedgehog, sea-urchin' looks like a derivative of ἔχις `viper', there seems to be a connection between `hedgehog' and `snake'. In Balto-Slavic, the words for `hedgehog' and `snake' do not match formally (-> ǫ́žь).

Other cognates:

Gk. ἐχῖνος `hedgehog, sea-urchin'
;

OHG igil `hedgehog'
;

OHG īgil `hedgehog'
;

OE igel `hedgehog'
;

OE īgel `hedgehog'
;

Arm. ozni `hedgehog'

Notes:

\{1\} Variants are ẽžis 2, ėžỹs 4.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ežь
10 melti

melti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `grind, mill'
Page in Trubačev: XVIII 90-91

Old Church Slavic:

mlěti `grind, mill' [verb], meljǫ [1sg]

Russian:

molót' `grind, mill' [verb], meljú [1sg], méljet [3sg]

Czech:

mlíti `grind, mill' [verb]

Slovak:

mliet́ `grind, mill' [verb]

Polish:

mleć `grind, mill' [verb], mielę [1sg]

Slovincian:

mlùo̯c `grind, mill' [verb]

Upper Sorbian:

mlěć `grind, mill' [verb]

Serbo-Croatian:

mljȅti `grind, mill' [verb], mȅljēm [1sg];

Čak. mlȉti (Vrgada) `grind, mill' [verb], mȅl̨eš [2sg];

Čak. mlȅt (Orbanići) `grind, mill, babble, chatter' [verb], mȅljen [1sg]

Slovene:

mlẹ́ti `grind, mill' [verb], mẹ́ljem [1sg]

Bulgarian:

mélja `grind, mill' [verb]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: melʔtei

Lithuanian:

málti `grind, mill' [verb]

Latvian:

mal̃t `grind, mill' [verb]

Indo-European reconstruction: melH-

IE meaning: grind

Certainty: +

Page in Pokorny: 716ff

Other cognates:

Skt. mr̯ṇā́ti, mr̯ṇáti `crush, grind' [verb];

Hitt. malla- `grind' [verb];

Lat. molere `grind' [verb];

Go. malan `grind' [verb];

OHG malan `grind, mill' [verb];

OIr. meilid `grind' [verb];

Arm. malem `crush' [verb]

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > melti
11 mьglà

mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94

Old Church Slavic:

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Russian:

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

Czech:

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Old Czech:

mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]

Polish:

mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]

Upper Sorbian:

mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]

Serbo-Croatian:

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

Slovene:

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

Bulgarian:

măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH

Lithuanian:

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

Latvian:

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

Old Prussian:

maiggun `sleep' [asgf]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Page in Pokorny: 712

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Other cognates:

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

Notes:

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьglà
12 mьgà

mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94

Old Church Slavic:

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Russian:

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

Czech:

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Old Czech:

mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]

Polish:

mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]

Upper Sorbian:

mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]

Serbo-Croatian:

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

Slovene:

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

Bulgarian:

măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH

Lithuanian:

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

Latvian:

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

Old Prussian:

maiggun `sleep' [asgf]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Page in Pokorny: 712

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Other cognates:

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

Notes:

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьgà
13 miglъ

mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94

Old Church Slavic:

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Russian:

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

Czech:

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

Old Czech:

mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]

Polish:

mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]

Upper Sorbian:

mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]

Serbo-Croatian:

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

Slovene:

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

Bulgarian:

măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH

Lithuanian:

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

Latvian:

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

Old Prussian:

maiggun `sleep' [asgf]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Page in Pokorny: 712

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Other cognates:

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

Notes:

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > miglъ
14 ȍlkъtь

ȍlkъtь; ȍlkъtъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `elbow, ell'
Page in Trubačev: XXXII 65-67

Old Church Slavic:

lakъtь `elbow, ell' [m i], lakъte [Gens] \{2\}

Russian:

lókot' `elbow, ell' [m jo], lóktja [Gens]

Czech:

loket `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Slovak:

lakot' `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Polish:

ɫokieć `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Upper Sorbian:

ɫochć `elbow' [m jo];

ɫóchć (dial.) `elbow' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

lȃkat `elbow, ell' [m o], lākta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Vrgada) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Novi) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȃkat (Orbanići) `elbow, armlength, yard (measure)' [m o], lȃhta [Gens]

Slovene:

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], laktà [Gens], laktȗ [Gens], lahtà [Gens], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], laktȋ [Gens], lahtȋ [Gens];

lahȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakǝ̀t `elbow, ell' [m o], laktà [Gens];

lákǝt `elbow, ell' [m o];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], lǝhtȋ [Gens];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lǝhtȗ [Gens];

lèhǝt `elbow' [m o], lǝ̀hta [Gens]

Bulgarian:

lákăt `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: Hol-k-

Lithuanian:

alkū́nė `elbow' [f ē] 1;

elkū́nė (arch., dial.) `elbow' [f ē] 1 \{3\}

Latvian:

ę̀lks `elbow, bend' [m o];

ę̀lkuons `elbow, bend' [m o] \{4\}

Old Prussian:

alkunis (EV) `elbow'

Indo-European reconstruction: HHolkuti- \{1\}

IE meaning: elbow

Comments: The e- of the East Baltic forms may be another instance of "Rozwadowski's change". The somewhat awkward reconstruction *HHol- (*HH₃el-) is required by the acute intonation of Lith. úolektis, Latv. uôlekts `ell' < *HoHl- (*HeH₃l-), cf. OPr. woaltis `forearm', woaltis `ell', ὠλένη `elbow, forearm'. If one subscribes to the view that a lengthened grade vowel yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, *(H)ōl- is the obvious reconstruction.

Other cognates:

Gk. ολέκρα̑νος `point of the elbow'
;

Lat. ulna `elbow' [f];

OIr. uilen `elbow' [f];

OHG elina `ell' [f];

Arm. oɫn `spine, shoulder'

Notes:

\{1\} *HH₃elkuti seems also possible. \{2\} In some case forms OCS lakъtь is inflected as a consonant stem. In the modern languages *ȍlkъtь has adopted the pattern of the jo- or o-stems. \{3\} The LKŽ has elkū̃nė instead of elkū́nė, even though one of the sources mentioned - F. Kurschat's dictionary - actually has an acute. \{4\} Also ę̀lkuonis, ę̀lkuone, ę̀lkūne².

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȍlkъtь
15 ȍlkъtъ

ȍlkъtь; ȍlkъtъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `elbow, ell'
Page in Trubačev: XXXII 65-67

Old Church Slavic:

lakъtь `elbow, ell' [m i], lakъte [Gens] \{2\}

Russian:

lókot' `elbow, ell' [m jo], lóktja [Gens]

Czech:

loket `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Slovak:

lakot' `elbow, ell' [m (j)o]

Polish:

ɫokieć `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Upper Sorbian:

ɫochć `elbow' [m jo];

ɫóchć (dial.) `elbow' [m jo]

Serbo-Croatian:

lȃkat `elbow, ell' [m o], lākta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Vrgada) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȁkat (Novi) `elbow, ell' [m o], lȁhta [Gens];

Čak. lȃkat (Orbanići) `elbow, armlength, yard (measure)' [m o], lȃhta [Gens]

Slovene:

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], laktà [Gens], laktȗ [Gens], lahtà [Gens], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], laktȋ [Gens], lahtȋ [Gens];

lahȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lahtȗ [Gens];

lakǝ̀t `elbow, ell' [m o], laktà [Gens];

lákǝt `elbow, ell' [m o];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [f i], lǝhtȋ [Gens];

lǝkȃt `elbow, ell' [m o/u], lǝhtȗ [Gens];

lèhǝt `elbow' [m o], lǝ̀hta [Gens]

Bulgarian:

lákăt `elbow, ell' [m jo]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: Hol-k-

Lithuanian:

alkū́nė `elbow' [f ē] 1;

elkū́nė (arch., dial.) `elbow' [f ē] 1 \{3\}

Latvian:

ę̀lks `elbow, bend' [m o];

ę̀lkuons `elbow, bend' [m o] \{4\}

Old Prussian:

alkunis (EV) `elbow'

Indo-European reconstruction: HHolkuti- \{1\}

IE meaning: elbow

Comments: The e- of the East Baltic forms may be another instance of "Rozwadowski's change". The somewhat awkward reconstruction *HHol- (*HH₃el-) is required by the acute intonation of Lith. úolektis, Latv. uôlekts `ell' < *HoHl- (*HeH₃l-), cf. OPr. woaltis `forearm', woaltis `ell', ὠλένη `elbow, forearm'. If one subscribes to the view that a lengthened grade vowel yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, *(H)ōl- is the obvious reconstruction.

Other cognates:

Gk. ολέκρα̑νος `point of the elbow'
;

Lat. ulna `elbow' [f];

OIr. uilen `elbow' [f];

OHG elina `ell' [f];

Arm. oɫn `spine, shoulder'

Notes:

\{1\} *HH₃elkuti seems also possible. \{2\} In some case forms OCS lakъtь is inflected as a consonant stem. In the modern languages *ȍlkъtь has adopted the pattern of the jo- or o-stems. \{3\} The LKŽ has elkū̃nė instead of elkū́nė, even though one of the sources mentioned - F. Kurschat's dictionary - actually has an acute. \{4\} Also ę̀lkuonis, ę̀lkuone, ę̀lkūne².

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȍlkъtъ
16 òrdlo

òrdlo Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `plough'
Page in Trubačev: XXXII 141-145

Old Church Slavic:

ralo (Zogr., Mar., Sav., Euch., Supr.) `plough' [n o] \{1\}

Russian:

rálo `plough' [n o]

Czech:

rádlo `plough' [n o]

Slovak:

radlo `plough' [n o]

Polish:

radɫo `plough' [n o]

Upper Sorbian:

radɫo `plough' [n o]

Lower Sorbian:

radɫo `plough' [n o]

Serbo-Croatian:

rȁlo `plough' [n o]

Slovene:

rálọ `small plough' [n o]

Bulgarian:

rálo `plough' [n o]

Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: árʔdlo; árʔtlo

Lithuanian:

árklas `plough' [m o] 3

Latvian:

aȓkls `plough' [m o]

Indo-European reconstruction: h₂rh₃-dʰlom

IE meaning: plough

Page in Pokorny: 62

Comments: In Balto-Slavic (or in Baltic and Slavic independently), zero grade of the root (cf. Lith. ìrklas `oar') was apparently replaced by full grade after the verb `to plough'. The fixed stress on the root must result from Hirt's law.

Other cognates:

Gk. ἄροτρον `plough' [n];

Arm. arawr `plough' [noun]

Notes:

\{1\} The form oralo (Ass.) is clearly analogical after orati.

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > òrdlo
17 vȅčerъ

vȅčerъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `evening'
Old Church Slavic:

večerъ `evening' [m o]

Russian:

véčer `evening' [m o], véčera [Gens]

Belorussian:

véčar `evening' [m o], véčera [Gens]

Ukrainian:

véčir `evening' [m o], véčera [Gens]

Czech:

večer `evening' [m o]

Slovak:

večer `evening' [m o]

Polish:

wieczór `evening' [m o]

Upper Sorbian:

wječor `evening' [m o]

Serbo-Croatian:

vȅčē `evening' [m o], vȅčera [Gens];

Čak. vȅčēr (Vrgada) `evening' [f i], vȅčeri [Gens];

Čak. vȅčer (Hvar) `evening' [f i], vȅčeri [Gens]

Slovene:

večę̑r `evening' [m o]

Bulgarian:

véčer `evening' [m o]

Lithuanian:

vãkaras `evening' [m o]

Latvian:

vakars `evening' [m o]

Indo-European reconstruction: uekspero-

Other cognates:

Gk. ἕσπερος `evening'
;

Lat. vesper `evening'
;

MW ucher `evening'
;

Arm. gišer `evening'

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vȅčerъ
18 želza

želza Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b? Proto-Slavic meaning: `gland'
Church Slavic:

žlěza `gland' [f ā]

Russian:

železá `gland' [f ā], žélezy [Nom p];

žélezo `tumour (neck, throat, groin)' [n o];

zélezy (dial.) `glands' [Nompf ā];

zolozá (dial.) `gland, tumour on the neck' [f ā];

zolóza `gland' [f ā]

Belorussian:

zalóza `gland' [f ā]

Ukrainian:

záloza `gland' [f ā]

Czech:

žláza `gland' [f ā]

Old Czech:

žléza `gland' [f ā];

žláza `gland' [f ā]

Slovak:

žl'aza `gland' [f ā]

Polish:

zoɫzy `scrofula, strangles ( adenitis equorum )' [Nompf ā]

Upper Sorbian:

žaɫza `gland, (pl.), glandular disease' [f ā]

Lower Sorbian:

zaɫza `gland, (pl.), glandular disease' [f ā];

žaɫza `gland, (pl.), glandular disease' [f ā]

Serbo-Croatian:

žlijèzda `gland' [f ā]

Slovene:

žlẹ́za `gland' [f ā]

Bulgarian:

žlezá `gland' [f ā]

Lithuanian:

gẽležuonys `submaxillary gland, strangles ( adenitis equorum') [Nompf n]

Indo-European reconstruction: gʰelǵʰ-eh₂

Comments: The Polish and Sorbian forms seem to reflect a zero grade.

Other cognates:

Arm. geɫjk` `glands'

Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > želza

См. также в других словарях:

upper arm — the part of the arm between the shoulder and the elbow. [1875 80] * * * … Universalium
upper arm — noun The section of an arm from the elbow to the shoulder. Syn: brachium … Wiktionary
upper arm — the part of the arm between the shoulder and the elbow. [1875 80] … Useful english dictionary
Anthropometry of the upper arm — The anthropometry of the upper arm is a set of measurements of the shape of the upper arms. Large, saggy flaps of skin under the arm are colloquially known as bingo wings,[1] after the phrase was popularised by the comedy television program Bo… … Wikipedia
arm — arm1 [ärm] n. [ME < OE earm; akin to L armus, Goth arms, OHG arm: see ART1] 1. a) an upper limb of the human body b) in anatomy, the part of the upper limb between the shoulder and the elbow c) in nontechnical use, the part of the upper limb… … English World dictionary
Arm wrestling — is a sport with two participants. Each participant places one arm, both put either the right or left, on a surface, with their elbows bent and touching the surface, and they grip each other s hand. The goal is to pin the other s arm onto the… … Wikipedia
Arm hair — is hair that grows on a human s forearms. Sometimes this covers even the elbow area.This is typically thought as a male trait as men have terminal hair on their arms, making them noticeable, particularly if they have black hair. Terminal arm hair … Wikipedia
arm|band — «AHRM BAND», noun. 1. a band of cloth worn around the upper arm as a symbol or badge: »a mourning armband of black. 2. = armlet (def. 1). (Cf. ↑armlet) … Useful english dictionary
arm|let — «AHRM liht», noun. 1. an ornamental band or bracelet for the upper arm. 2. a small inlet of the sea … Useful english dictionary
Arm — This article is about the upper part of the human upper limb. For other uses, see Arm (disambiguation). Arm The human arm … Wikipedia
arm — arm1 armed, adj. armlike, adj. /ahrm/, n. 1. the upper limb of the human body, esp. the part extending from the shoulder to the wrist. 2. the upper limb from the shoulder to the elbow. 3. the forelimb of any vertebrate. 4. some part of an… … Universalium

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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upper arm

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со словенского на английский

upper arm

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